The PASHoM seminar will meet virtually on Zoom for the spring semester, with one speaker each month. This colloquium will take place virtually. January 20, 2022: Philadelphia Area Seminar on the History of Mathematics (PASHoM) It was previously scheduled as the HOM SIGMAA JMM Guest Lecture in Seattle.Īdrian Rice (Randolph-Macon College) will speak on “Beyond the strength of a woman’s physical power: Mathematics, Machines, and the Mind of Ada Lovelace.” Contact Jemma Lorenat for Zoom details. We find a mechanical realization of this theory in the gearing of the Mechanism, revealing an unexpected degree of technical sophistication for the period.January 12, 2022: HOM SIGMAA Guest Lecture In the second century BC, Hipparchos developed a theory to explain the irregularities of the Moon's motion across the sky caused by its elliptic orbit. The inscriptions support suggestions of mechanical display of planetary positions9,14,16, now lost. The Mechanism predicted lunar and solar eclipses based on Babylonian arithmetic-progression cycles. Here we report surface imaging and high-resolution X- ray tomography of the surviving fragments, enabling us to reconstruct the gear function and double the number of deciphered inscriptions. Its specific functions have remained controversial11,12,13,14 because its gears and the inscriptions upon its faces are only fragmentary. Named after its place of discovery in 1901 in a Roman shipwreck, the Mechanism is technically more complex than any known device for at least a millennium afterwards.
Eclipses and planetary motions were often interpreted as omens, while the calm regularity of the astronomical cycles must have been philosophically attractive in an uncertain and violent world. Calendars were important to ancient societies10 for timing agricultural activity and fixing religious festivals. From previous work1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 it is known that it calculated and displayed celestial information, particularly cycles such as the phases of the moon and a luni-solar calendar. The Antikythera Mechanism is a unique Greek geared device, constructed around the end of the 2nd Century BC. The adaptation of the Draconic gearing on the Antikythera Mechanism improves its functionality and gives answers on several questions. The study of Fragment D was supported by the bronze reconstruction of the Draconic gearing by the authors. Although the Draconic cycle was well known during the Mechanism’s era as represents the fourth Lunar cycle, it seems that it is missing from the Antikythera Mechanism. After the analysis of AMRP tomographies of Fragment D and its mechanical characteristics revealed that it could be part of the Draconic gearing. The suggestion that this gear could be a part of the hypothetical planet indication gearing is still a hypothesis since no mechanical evidence has been preserved. Karakalos, is preserved in excellent condition, but this was not enough to correlate it to the existing gear trainings of the Mechanism. The gear-r1, which was detected on the Fragment radiographies by C. The unplaced Fragment D of the Antikythera Mechanism with an unknown operation was a mystery since the beginning of its discovery.
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